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Psychosomatic Medicine 14:243-251 (1952)
© 1952 American Psychosomatic Society

Relationship of Specific Attitudes and Emotions to Certain Bodily Diseases

WILLIAM J. GRACE M.D.1 and DAVID T. GRAHAM M.D.1

1 Department of Medicine, of the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center

One hundred and twenty-eight patients, who had one or more of the following symptoms or diseases as responses to life situations, were studied: urticaria, eczema, cold hands, vasomotor rhinitis and asthma, diarrhea, constipation, nausea and vomiting, duodenal ulcer, migraine, arterial hypertension, low back pain.

It was found that each of these conditions was associated with a particular, completely conscious, attitude toward the precipitating situation. There were, in other words, physiological changes specific to each attitude.

These changes are biologically appropriate to the attitudes they accompany.

It is proposed that "emotion" be defined to mean "an attitude with its associated physiological changes."

Submitted on March 29, 1951




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