Psychosomatic Medicine Faster Service from Outside North America
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS

This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by BENJAMIN, L. S.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by BENJAMIN, L. S.

Psychosomatic Medicine 25:556-566 (1963)
© 1963 American Psychosomatic Society

Statistical Treatment of the Law of Initial Values (LIV) in Autonomic Research: A Review and Recommendation

LORNA S. BENJAMIN Ph.D.1

1 Wisconsin Psychiatric Institute, University Hospitals, Madison, Wis.

Three major techniques for statistically handling LIV are reviewed: (1) regression analysis as proposed by Lacey12 (ALS); (2) the difference between standardized pre-and poststimulus scores as proposed by Heath and Oken,11, 17 and (3) the intuitively appealing per cent change transformations. The proposed criterion of a satisfactory score is: The correlation between the initial level and a properly corrected score should be zero, and the adjusted score should have face validity. Mathematical analysis demonstrates that only scores built on the regression models will be guaranteed to have no correlation with initial level. Consequently, for comparing differences between groups' response to experimental stimulation, covariance analysis of the difference scores (D) adjusted for initial level (X) is recommended.For comparing differences between individuals' response to experimental stimulation, a difference score from the Covariance XD model, d -- bDXx is recommended.In standardized form, this is equivalent to Lacey's ALS.

Submitted on April 8, 1963




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
G. J. Hodges, W. A. Kosiba, K. Zhao, G. E. Alvarez, and J. M. Johnson
The role of baseline in the cutaneous vasoconstrictor responses during combined local and whole body cooling in humans
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2007; 293(5): H3187 - H3192.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Environment and BehaviorHome page
A. Legendre
Environmental Features Influencing Toddlers' Bioemotional Reactions in Day Care Centers
Environment and Behavior, July 1, 2003; 35(4): 523 - 549.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Br. J. PsychiatryHome page
J. R. CALABRESE, D. J. RAPPORT, M. D. SHELTON, and S. E. KIMMEL
Evolving methodologies in bipolar disorder maintenance research
The British Journal of Psychiatry, June 1, 2001; 178 (41): s157 - s163.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Arch Gen PsychiatryHome page
C. L. Bowden, J. R. Calabrese, S. L. McElroy, L. Gyulai, A. Wassef, F. Petty, H. G. Pope Jr, J. C.-Y. Chou, P. E. Keck Jr, L. J. Rhodes, et al.
A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled 12-Month Trial of Divalproex and Lithium in Treatment of Outpatients With Bipolar I Disorder
Arch Gen Psychiatry, May 1, 2000; 57(5): 481 - 489.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
ANGIOLOGYHome page
R. L. Rogers, J. S. Meyer, K. McClintic, and K. F. Mortel
Reducing Hypertriglyceridemia in Elderly Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease Stabilizes or Improves Cognition and Cerebral Perfusion
Angiology, April 1, 1989; 40(4): 260 - 269.
[Abstract] [PDF]


Home page
Behav ModifHome page
W. E. Craighead and L. W. Craighead
Instructional Demand and Anxiety Level: Effects on Speech Anxiety
Behav Modif, January 1, 1981; 5(1): 103 - 117.
[Abstract]


Home page
Behav ModifHome page
J. A. Martinez-Diaz and B. A. Edelstein
Heterosocial Competence: Predictive and Construct Validity
Behav Modif, January 1, 1980; 4(1): 115 - 129.
[Abstract]




HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Copyright © 1963 by the American Psychosomatic Society