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Psychosomatic Medicine 27:177-182 (1965)
© 1965 American Psychosomatic Society

Drug-Set Interaction: Psychological and Physiological Effects of Epinephrine Under Differential Expectations

SYDNOR B. PENICK M.D.1 and SEYMOUR FISHER Ph.D.2

1 Psychopharmacology Service Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md.; Division of Human Ecology, Cornell Medical College, New York City, N. Y.
2 Psychopharmacology Service Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md.; Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass.

To determine whether physiologic responses to a drug could be changed by expectation, and what role placebo effect might play, 14 medical students were given either epinephrine or placebo. Measurements of subjective response and response of plasma free fatty acids, blood glucose, and heart rate were made. Stimulant expectation was engendered by suggestion of epinephrine-like effects, and sedative expectation by suggestion of barbiturate-like effects. Of 8 drug subjects, 8 had a greater FFA response under stimulant expectations, and 7 had greater subjective, blood glucose, and heart rate responses. In 6 placebo subjects, there was no discernible effect of expectation in any measure.

Submitted on June 22, 1964




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