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Psychosomatic Medicine 32:337-350 (1970)
© 1970 American Psychosomatic Society

Creatinine Excretion: Diurnal Variation and Variability of Whole and Part-Day Measures

A Methodologic Issue in Psychoendocrine Research

GEORGE CURTIS MD1 and MAX FOGEL PhD1

1 Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.

Address for reprint requests: Dr. G. Curtis, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Henry Ave and Abbottsford Rd, Philadelphia, Pa 19129

The stability of creatinine excretion over periods of 4, 8 and 24 hr was studied in 12 subjects, including the 2 investigators; the literature on the subject was critically reviewed. The evidence accumulated shows that creatinine excretion is much less stable than is often assumed. Some subjects are stable excretors as assessed by sequential 24-hr excretion rates, but very few are stable as assessed by sequential rates over periods of less than 24 hr. Not all within-day variability is random. Significant or highly significant diurnal variations were found in 7 of 12 subjects in the present study, in several other recent reports, and consistently in raw data published early in the century.

Submitted on October 30, 1969
Revised on January 26, 1970




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