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Psychosomatic Medicine 32:449-463 (1970)
© 1970 American Psychosomatic Society

Gender Role Determination

A Critical Review of the Evidence from Hermaphroditism

BERNARD ZUGER MD1

1 Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, Children's Psychiatric Clinic, Greenwich Hospital, Greenwich, Conn.

Address for reprint requests: Bernard Zuger, MD, Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016

This paper examines the evidence for the claim that individuals with ambiguous sex at birth will accept the sex role of rearing over that indicated by chromosomes, gonads, hormones, internal or external genitalia. The evidence as presented by the principal proponents of this claim is found wanting on methodologic and clinical grounds. The conclusions drawn from it are considered unacceptable.

Submitted on January 16, 1970




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[Abstract] [PDF]




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Copyright © 1970 by the American Psychosomatic Society