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From the Department of Psychiatry (M.U.G, P.J.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; and the Department of Medical Psychology (M.U.G.), University of Essen, Essen, Germany.
Address reprint requests to: Marion U. Goebel, MSc, Department of Medical Psychology, University of Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, D-45122 Essen, Germany. Email: marion.goebel{at}uni-essen.de
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of acute psychological stress and exhaustive exercise on the expression and density of adhesion molecules (L-selectin, lymphocyte function antigen-1 [LFA-1], and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 [ICAM-1]) on monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes.
METHODS: Forty-five healthy volunteers performed a 15-minute public speaking task and a 15- to 18-minute bicycle ergometer challenge.
RESULTS: In general, both the exercise and speaking tasks led to increases in the number of circulating leukocytes and lymphocyte subsets. The density of L-selectin (CD62L) on mi-ed lymphocytes and T lymphocytes was decreased in response to exercise (p values < .001). Both stressors led to an increased density of LFA-1 (CD11a) on mixed lymphocytes (p values < .01), whereas CD11a density on monocytes and granulocytes remained unchanged. ICAM-1 (CD54) density was unaffected, but the number of lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes expressing CD54 increased in the circulation on both stressors.
CONCLUSIONS: The data indicate that both psychological stress and exercise have significant effects on cellular expression of adhesion molecules on circulating leukocytes. Given the crucial role that adhesion molecules on circulating cells play in inflammation and disease, these findings may have clinical relevance in sympathetic nervous system–induced immune activation.
Key Words: CD62L • CD11a • CD54 • adhesion molecules • stress • exercise.
Abbreviations: CD62L = L-selectin; CD11a = LFA-1; CD54 = ICAM-1; ICAM = intercellular adhesion molecule; LFA = lymphocyte function-associated antigen; NK = natural killer (cell); PE = phycoerythrin; SNS = sympathetic nervous system; VO2max = maximum oxygen consumption.
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