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From George Washington University, Washington, DC (P.J.M.); the University of California, San Francisco, California (N.E.A.); and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (D.R.W., J.S.J.).
Address correspondence to: Philip J. Moore, Department of Psychology, George Washington University, 2125 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052. Email: pjmoore{at}gwu.edu
OBJECTIVE: Examine the role of sleep in the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health.
METHOD: Self-reported measures of income and education, sleep quantity and quality, and mental and physical health were obtained in a community sample of 1139 adults.
RESULTS: More education was associated with higher income (p < .001), and higher income was associated with better physical health (p < .001) and psychological outcomes (p < .001). The effects of income on both mental and physical health were mediated by sleep quality (pvalues < .01), and sleep quantity was related to both measures of health (p values < .01) but to neither index of SES.
CONCLUSION: Sleep quality may play a mediating role in translating SES into mental and physical well-being, and income seems to mediate the effect of education on sleep and, in turn, health.
Key Words: socioeconomic status • sleep • psychological distress • physical health
Abbreviations: SES = socioeconomic status;; DAS = Detroit Area Study.
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