| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
BIOBEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS |
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, the Norman Cousins Center, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA AIDS Institute, and UCLA Molecular Biology Institute, Los Angeles California.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Steve W. Cole, PhD, 11-934 Factor Building, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1678. E-mail:coles{at}ucla.edu
This review surveys empirical research pertinent to the hypothesis that activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and/or the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) might mediate biobehavioral influences on HIV-1 pathogenesis and disease progression. Data are considered based on causal effects of neuroeffector molecules on HIV-1 replication, prospective relationships between neural/endocrine parameters and HIV-relevant biological or clinical markers, and correlational data consistent with in vivo neural/endocrine mediation in human or animal studies. Results show that HPA and SNS effector molecules can enhance HIV-1 replication in cellular models via effects on viral infectivity, viral gene expression, and the innate immune response to infection. Animal models and human clinical studies both provide evidence consistent with SNS regulation of viral replication, but data on HPA mediation are less clear. Regulation of leukocyte biology by neuroeffector molecules provides a plausible biological mechanism by which psychosocial factors might influence HIV-1 pathogenesis, even in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy. As such, neural and endocrine parameters might provide useful biomarkers for gauging the promise of behavioral interventions and suggest novel adjunctive strategies for controlling HIV-1 disease progression.
Key Words: HIV-1 • disease progression • sympathetic nervous system • HPA axis • neuroendocrine • catecholamine • norepinephrine • cortisol
Abbreviations: HPA = hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal; SNS = sympathetic nervous system; NE = norepinephrine;SIV = Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; ART = antiretroviral therapy; CTL = cytotoxic T lymphocyte.
This article has been cited by other articles:
 |
|
 |
|
  K. E. Freedland, E. J.C. de Geus, R. N. Golden, W. J. Kop, G. E. Miller, V. Vaccarino, B. Brumback, M. M. Llabre, V. J. White, and D. S. Sheps What's in a Name? Psychosomatic Medicine and Biobehavioral Medicine Psychosom Med, January 1, 2009; 71(1): 1 - 4. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Leserman and L. R. Temoshok A Road Well Traveled (Although Not Yet a Super Highway) Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 521 - 522. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Ironson and H. Hayward Do Positive Psychosocial Factors Predict Disease Progression in HIV-1? A Review of the Evidence Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 546 - 554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. W. Carrico and M. H. Antoni Effects of Psychological Interventions on Neuroendocrine Hormone Regulation and Immune Status in HIV-Positive Persons: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 575 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Gore-Felton and C. Koopman Behavioral Mediation of the Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and HIV Disease Progression Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 569 - 574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. R. Temoshok, R. L. Wald, S. Synowski, and A. Garzino-Demo Coping as a Multisystem Construct Associated With Pathways Mediating HIV-Relevant Immune Function and Disease Progression Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 555 - 561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Leserman Role of Depression, Stress, and Trauma in HIV Disease Progression Psychosom Med, June 1, 2008; 70(5): 539 - 545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
