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Influences of Biological Rhythms on the Effects of Psychotropic Drugs

From the Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita Medical University, Oita, Japan.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Circadian rhythms in 8-OH-DPAT–induced forepaw treading and head weaving (5-HT syndrome), observed in five experiments performed at 3-month intervals. Values are the mean ± SD of eight animals. The black bar corresponds to the dark period. *p < .05, **p < .01, ***p < .001, ****p < .0001 (analysis of variance). Reproduced with permission from Springer-Verlag, from Nagayama H, Lu J-Q. Circadian and circannual rhythms in the function of central 5-HT1A receptors in laboratory rats. Psychopharmacology 1998;135:279–83.

View larger version (20K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Circadian rhythms in the 5-HT and norepinephrine-dopamine systems in the rat brain. Frequency of occurrence of peak time as shown in the cited reports. The black bar corresponds to the dark period. Numbers at bottom represent hours after beginning the light (L) or dark (D) period. A, 5-HT system: 5-HT (•), 5-HIAA (), and tryptophan hydroxylase (). B, Norepinephrine-dopamine system: norepinephrine (), dopamine (), -adrenoceptor (•), and ß-adrenoceptor ().