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Stalked by the Past: The Influence of Ethnicity on Health

From the Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Age-adjusted death rates by cause, race, and sex. Reprinted from Ref. 2.

View larger version (85K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Effect of ethnicity on postoperative morphine administered (morphine equivalents per day). Reprinted with permission from Ref. 10.

View larger version (32K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Effect of ethnicity on morphine prescribed for patient-controlled analgesia. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 11.

View larger version (115K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Slave Ship, 1840; James Mallord William Turner, oil on canvas. Reprinted with permission of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MA.

View larger version (18K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Effect of salt on pressor sensitivity. The slope of the BP dose-response curve to infused norepinephrine was calculated, and the slope on the low-salt diet was subtracted from the slope on high-salt diet for each subject. The mean (central line), SE (box), and individual points are portrayed for different groups according to race and diagnosis. Significance of the salt effect in each group: *p < .05; ** p < .01; ***p< .005; ****p < .0025. All = all subjects; Bl = blacks; Wh = whites. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 28.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Fig. 6. Effects of isoproterenol on diastolic pressure in white and black subjects. Resting diastolic pressure in blacks and whites was 64 mm Hg. Each point represents the mean ± standard error. Reprinted with permission from Ref. 30.

View larger version (21K): [in a new window]   Fig. 7. ß-adrenergic receptor function cyclic AMP production in pmoles per 107 cells per 2-minute incubation) and amount of anger suppression. Redrawn from Ref. 34.