This Article Abstract Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Haack, M. Articles by Pollmächer, T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Haack, M. Articles by Pollmächer, T. Related Collections Immunology Sleep and Biological Rhythms

Effects of Sleep on Endotoxin-Induced Host Responses in Healthy Men

From the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.

View larger version (27K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Experimental design.

View larger version (41K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Times courses of physiological, endocrine parameters after endotoxin (0.4 ng/kg), or placebo injection during the initial slow wave sleep episode or the same time in sleep-deprived subjects (N = 10). Depicted are means ± SEMs. Left panels, time courses after injection of endotoxin (•) compared with placebo ( in sleeping subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for rectal temperature, heart rate, and cortisol plasma levels. Middle panels, time courses after injection of endotoxin () compared with placebo () in sleep-deprived subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for rectal temperature, heart rate, and cortisol plasma levels. Right panels, time courses of difference values (endotoxin minus placebo) in sleeping subjects () compared with sleep-deprived subjects (). Repeated measure analyses revealed no significant group (sleep vs. sleep deprivation) or group by time effects for any parameter tested. * p < .05 for time point differences (simple contrasts).

View larger version (39K): [in a new window]   Fig. 3. Times courses of leukocyte and leukocyte subcell counts after endotoxin (0.4 ng/kg), or placebo injection during the initial slow wave sleep episode or the same time in sleep-deprived subjects (N = 10). Depicted are means ± SEMs. Left panels, time courses after injection of endotoxin (•) compared with placebo ( in sleeping subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for leukocyte and all leukocyte subcell counts. Middle panels, time courses after injection of endotoxin () compared with placebo () in sleep-deprived subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for leukocyte and all leukocyte subcell counts. Right panels, time courses of difference values (endotoxin minus placebo) in sleeping subjects () compared with sleep-deprived subjects (). Repeated measure analyses revealed no significant group (sleep vs. sleep deprivation) or group by time effects for any parameter tested. * p < .05 for time point differences (simple contrasts).

View larger version (36K): [in a new window]   Fig. 4. Times courses of plasma levels of cytokines and cytokine receptors after endotoxin (0.4 ng/kg) or placebo injection during the initial slow wave sleep episode or the same time in sleep-deprived subjects (N = 10). Depicted are means ± SEMs. Left panels, times courses after injection of endotoxin ( •) compared with placebo ( in sleeping subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for all cytokine and cytokine receptor plasma levels. Middle panels, time courses after injection of endotoxin () compared with placebo () in sleep-deprived subjects. Repeated measure analyses revealed significant group (endotoxin vs. placebo) or time by group effects for all cytokine and cytokine receptor plasma levels. Right panels, time courses of difference values (endotoxin minus placebo) in sleeping subjects () compared with sleep-deprived subjects (). Repeated measure analyses revealed no significant group (sleep vs. sleep deprivation) or group by time effects for any parameter tested. * p < .05 for time point differences (simple contrasts).

View larger version (23K): [in a new window]   Fig. 5. Average hourly amounts of SWS (stages 3 + 4) and the spectral EEG-delta and -theta power after endotoxin administration (0.4 ng/kg) during the initial SWS episode (N = 10). Depicted are means ± SEMs of the difference values (endotoxin minus placebo). *p < .05 for differences between endotoxin and placebo (simple contrasts).