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Peripheral Leukocyte Subpopulations and Catecholamine Levels in Astronauts as a Function of Mission Duration

Paul J. Mills, PhD, Janice V. Meck, PhD, Wendy W. Waters, PhD, Dominick D’Aunno, MD and Michael G. Ziegler, MD

From the Departments of Psychiatry (P.J.M.) and Medicine (M.G.Z.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; the Cardiovascular Laboratory (J.M.), Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX; and the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (W.W.W., D.D.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.



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  		Fig. 1. Percentage of change in number of circulating leukocytes and levels of catecholamines among 11 astronauts after landing (R+0) as compared with preflight (L-10) values. After landing, the number of neutrophils (Neu), monocytes (Mon), CD3+CD4+ T-helper cells (CD4), CD19+ B cells (CD19), and plasma norepinephrine (NE) levels were significantly elevated, whereas the number of NK cells was significantly decreased (p values < .05). Mixed lymphocytes (Lym), eosinophils (Eos), CD3+CD8+ T-cytotoxic cells (CD8), and plasma epinephrine (Epi) were not significantly changed.

 


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  		Fig. 2. Plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels at 10 days before flight (L-10), on landing day (R+0), and 2 to 4 days after landing (R+2/4) in two groups of astronauts differentiated according to mission duration. Astronauts in space for 4 to 7 days showed a significantly greater increase in norepinephrine (p = .02) and epinephrine (p = .03) after landing than those in space for 11 to 16 days.

 




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