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Caffeine Affects Cardiovascular and Neuroendocrine Activation at Work and Home

From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (J.D.L., B.G.P.-B., J.E.B.), Department of Community and Family Medicine and The Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development (C.F.P.), and Department of Pharmacology (C.M.K.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

View larger version (28K): [in a new window]   Fig. 1. Estimated values of hemodynamic and stress-related humoral measures for caffeine and placebo by time of day. Blood pressure and heart rate values are adjusted for the effects of posture, perceived stress, and physical activity. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol are adjusted for urinary creatinine level.

View larger version (19K): [in a new window]   Fig. 2. Interactions of caffeine dose and perceived stress rating in the ambulatory measures of blood pressure and heart rate. Estimated values are adjusted for the effects of location (work or home), posture, and physical activity.