Stressful Life Events Precede Exacerbations of Multiple Sclerosis
Kurt D. Ackerman, MD, PhD,
Rock Heyman, MD,
Bruce S. Rabin, MD, PhD,
Barbara P. Anderson, PhD,
Patricia R. Houck, MSH,
Ellen Frank, PhD and
Andrew Baum, PhD
From the Departments of Psychiatry (K.D.A., B.P.A., P.R.H., E.F., A.B.), Neurology (R.H.), Pathology (B.S.R.), and Psychology (A.B.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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Fig. 1. Time from most recent stressor to the onset of a randomly selected exacerbation and control period (42-day maximum) in women with relapsing-remitting or secondary-progressive MS. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. ***p < .001.
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Fig. 2. Scatter plot of the interval between exacerbations and the rate of life events during that interval for women with relapsing-remitting or secondary-progressive MS.
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Copyright © 2002 by the American Psychosomatic Society