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Effort—Reward Imbalance, Overcommitment, and Measures of Cortisol and Blood Pressure Over the Working Day

From the Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK (A.S., M.M.); Institute of Medical Sociology, University of Dusseldorf, Germany (J.S.); and Department of Experimental Psychology, Technical University of Dresden, Germany (C.K.).

View larger version (10K): [in a new window]   Figure 1. Mean salivary free cortisol in nmol/l on waking and 30 minutes later in high (solid lines) and low (dashed lines) overcommitment groups. Values are adjusted for age, occupational grade, smoking status, time of waking up, and job demands. Error bars are standard errors of the mean (SEM).

View larger version (13K): [in a new window]   Figure 2. Mean salivary free cortisol in nmol/l averaged over the working day (08:30 to 22:30) in high (solid lines) and low (dashed lines) overcommitment groups. Values are adjusted for age, occupational grade, smoking status, and time of waking up. Error bars are SEM.

View larger version (14K): [in a new window]   Figure 3. Mean systolic blood pressure in millimeters mercury averaged over morning, midday, afternoon, and evening periods in overcommitted/lower occupational grade (—), overcommitted / higher occupational grade (•—), nonovercommitted / lower occupational grade (--\--), and nonovercommitted/higher occupational grade (•----) men.