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Naturally Occurring Changes in Physical Activity Are Inversely Related to Depressive Symptoms During Early Adolescence

Robert W. Motl, PhD, Amanda S. Birnbaum, PhD, Martha Y. Kubik, PhD and Rod K. Dishman, PhD

From the Department of Exercise Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia (R.W.M., R.K.D.); Department of Public Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (A.S.B); and School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (M.Y.K.).



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  		Figure 1. Model illustrating the first-stage of latent growth modeling for physical activity and depressive symptoms. {eta}1 = initial status. {eta}2 = change function. Y1 - Y3 = 1 variable measured on 3 occasions. {epsilon}11, {epsilon}22, and {epsilon}33 = item uniquenesses. {zeta}11 and {zeta}22 = factor variances. {psi}12 = factor covariance.

 


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  		Figure 2. Model illustrating the second-stage of latent growth modeling for physical activity and depressive symptoms. {eta}1 and {eta}3 = initial status. {eta}2 and {eta}4 = change function. Y1 – Y6 = two variables measured on 3 occasions. {epsilon}11 – {epsilon}66 = item uniquenesses. {zeta}11 – {zeta}44 = factor variances. {psi}12 and {psi}34 = factor covariances.

 




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