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Are Stress-Induced Cortisol Changes During Pregnancy Associated With Postpartum Depressive Symptoms?

Ada Nierop, PhD, Aliki Bratsikas, PhD, Roland Zimmermann, MD and Ulrike Ehlert, PhD

From the Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (A.N., A.B., U.E.); and the Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland (R.Z.).


Figure 117
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  		Figure 1. Salivary cortisol reactivity (mean and standard error of mean) in probable cases and probable noncases. Stress exposure (Trier Social Stress Test) took place between minutes –10 to 0. *p < .05.

 

Figure 217
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  		Figure 2. Mood (Multidimensional Mood Questionnaire; mean and standard error of mean) in probable cases and probable noncases. Stress exposure (Trier Social Stress Test) took place between minutes –10 to 0. *p < .05.

 

Figure 317
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  		Figure 3. State anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; mean and standard error of mean) in probable cases and probable noncases. Stress exposure (Trier Social Stress Test) took place between minutes –10 to 0. *p < .05.

 

Figure 417
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  		Figure 4. Group differences between probable cases and probable noncases (mean and standard error of mean) in (A) trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), (B) stress susceptibility (Stress Susceptibility Scale), and (C) additional scale referring to sleep behavior, appetite, and thoughts about dying and death (Symptom-Checklist-90-Revised). *p ≤ .05; **p < .01.

 




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